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A unique type of religious building has long been a part of Islamic civilization. This building is the Madrasah, a school for the training of spiritual and legal leaders. By the 12th century, the Madrasah had become one of the most typical institutions of the Muslim world

Most Madrasahs were privately endowed, and often the school's founder was entombed in a mausoleum that adjoined the teaching part of the monument.
Naisapur  city is the first Islamic city released the word school on    house of science , this was in  Mohammed El- Gaznouwi's age in 4th Hijra century .

It was found Three schools in Naisapur were known which are :    

        
1-  School of  IBn El- Walid Hassan Ben El- Karashi    died in 349 Hijria / (960) A.D , that occupied a part of his house .     

2- School of   IBn El- Hassan Ali Ben El- Hassan El- Sebaghi  died (350) Hijria / (961) A.D ]            

3- Dar El- Suna Ali  Bab El- Gama for Ahmed Ben Isaac Ben Aub El- Sabaghi [ died (342 Hijria / (953 ) A.D ] .  

  These schools were a part of its owner's house in which he handled teaching and its affairs and perhaps this was a guarantee to its continuation , as the establisher's grave was attached to the school in this early period which we see in   El- Kaishiria   school in Naisapur.

Egypt and Syria are home to a large number of Madrasahs. Some of
the most noted examples are the great complexes of Sultan Hasan, Qala'un, Barsbay and Qaytbay in Cairo. Constructed from the late 13th century through the 15th century, these Madrasahs are a blend of social usefulness and private memoralization. As Oleg Grabar writes in The Genius of Arab Civilization, most Madrasahs are centered on a court with one or more iwans -- large, vaulted halls used for teaching. But the most important and visible features of the Madrasahs typically are their portals and minarets.

    Here , we see that attaching the grave to the school happened before the Aubian and the Mamlukees examples in Egypt and El- Shaam as well as  the Taimouri   examples .

Grabar cites the Sultan Hasan Madrasah as the most celebrated masterpiece of Cairene architecture. Built in the mid-14th century, the Madrasah of Sultan Hasan is huge with a gateway 26-meters high. One of the minarets is at least 82-meters high. The madrasah's most curious feature, writes Grabar, is its design of vertical lines, recessed windows, and walls bare except for a subdued cornice that runs all around the building.

All these features," Grabar continues, "are strikingly contemporary and may have inspired the American architect Louis Sullivan in his designs of urban commercial buildings in 19th-century America. So, regardless of the specificity of their concerns, the architects of the Madrasah of Sultan Hasan developed architectural forms that are universally valid for the functions of a city."

Each one of the four rites of Sunni Islam is represented in this Madrasah's functional design. Built around a courtyard are four vaulted halls -- each hall is restricted to one rite. The halls included dwellings for the students and professors. The windows of these rooms are visible on the exterior of the monument.

The founder's tomb has an unusual location. Instead of being placed in a discreet corner, the inordinately large tomb is not only situated on the building's main axis but is in the direction of the qiblah which indicates the direction for prayer. Grabar refers to Sultan Hasan as a singularly unimpressive personality. He was made sultan at age 11 and was deposed at age 16. After being reinstalled at age 23, Sultan Hasan was killed at age 26 in the year 1357. It is an interesting twist of fate, Grabar notes, that a weak ruler, murdered in his youth, found the time and support to commission the most magnificent Madrasah in Cairo.

   And what were made by El- Malek's system in Iran and in South Iraq were also made by  El-Atabeka  in  El- Mawsel ,   Damascus   , also by  Nour El-Din  and  Salah El- Din  in North Iraq , Syria and Egypt.so,we see that these princes of Kurdish of Magulian origin and extremists of  Suna  faith are those who deployed schools in Western the Islamic world.       

   We conclude, that  Shia  are the first to establish the cultural building which were known before by   house of science  , as they were the first to name it  School , and the main purpose of establishing it was teaching and deploying  Shia  faith , this was in 4th Hijria century and it was Mahmoud El- Gazuni's rule. In the 5th Hijria century the Kurdish princes and Sheilks of Suna faith deployed these schools in Western the Islamic world as they also made it public establishments sponsored by the state on the country of Shai's private schools in 4th Hijria century. 

   What we were saying about the Islamic world in general could be said about Egypt in special , as schools were established in Eastern the Islamic world by the   Shias  as private institutes , were established in Egypt by the  Sunnah   as private institutes also .   

   In  IBen Meiser , it came that minister  Radwan IBen walk hashi   was established in Alexandria in (532) Hijria year for deploying the   Shia  faith.       

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